CHAPTER THIRTEEN: Construction, Development, And Planning Activities In Crater Lake National Park: 1916-Present

During 1934 CCC crews obliterated some six miles of old road sections that were adjacent to and visible from the main park highways. Most of this work was carried out on the south and west entrance roads, the road between Government Camp and Annie Spring, and the section of Rim Road from Lost Creek to the Bend Highway Junction. Several hundred trees were planted within the abandoned road beds.

Other CCC projects during 1934 included construction of three wood sheds in the utility area at Government Camp and two latrines each at the Whitehorse and Cold Springs campgrounds. Fire control truck trails or motorways were completed to Timber Cone Crater, Bear Creek, and Union Peak and from Castle Creek to the Watchman. Horse corrals were completed at Bear Creek, Government Camp, and Maklak Springs. Work was started on the 1.5-mile Vidae Falls Trail, and bank sloping and erosion control projects were conducted along the west and south entrance roads and the road from Government Camp to Rim Road. [30]

The Public Works Administration provided funds for considerable work at Crater Lake in 1934, some of the projects being carried out by CCC labor. Among the major projects that were placed under contract were those for surveying, grading, and surfacing sections and building masonry guardrails along portions of the new Rim Road. The roads at Government Camp were graveled, and cutstone curbing was placed around all driveways in that area as well as around the lodge and part of the distance from the lodge to the cafeteria. A new trail was built to the top of Wizard Island, the location being almost entirely through the wooded area on the south side of the island.

PWA funds were used to construct several buildings at Government Camp designed to increase the efficiency of park management and operations. By early October a new rustic architecture Administration Building was 80 percent completed. The structure, like the other buildings at Government Camp, featured massive boulder masonry, stained timbers, a steep pitched roof, and dormer windows. Extensive additions were made to the messhall and warehouse. A double vehicle garage and several storage sheds were constructed in the utility area for the expanding fleet of park maintenance trucks. [31]

Two CCC camps were again established in the park during 1935. As in previous years the work of the enrollees was concentrated on trail construction and maintenance, completion of the park road system, landscaping of the Government Camp and rim areas and Rim Campground, and road bank sloping. The most important building construction project funded by PWA appropriations was completion of the new Administration Building.

Nearly $500,000 in PWA allotments, provided under the Emergency Construction Act of June 19, 1934, enabled the park to complete much of its planned roadwork in 1935. In July Superintendent Canfield observed that the fire control motorway system for the park had been completed. In addition work had progressed under the Bureau of Public Roads to the point that some 18 miles of the new Rim Road were ready for oiling. He observed further:

Three more units were in varying stages of construction, bringing three-quarters of the rim circuit in the process of road building. This leaves only the highway from the East Entrance Highway to the Annie Spring-Rim Highway untouched except for survey work. Covering this stretch there has been a great deal of debate as to whether the so-called high line or the low line is the proper route. Sides and opinions on this subject have varied from year to year, being almost settled several times, but now apparently has been reopened. Survey work has also been done on the two entrance highways from south and west with a view toward reconstruction which is necessary in view of increased winter usage and contemplated snow removal operations. [32]

During the summer of 1936 only one CCC camp was established at Crater Lake. This was Camp No. 1 at Annie Spring, the enrollees having spent the winter at Oregon Caves National Monument. On May 21 a detachment of enrollees arrived at the park to assist in snow removal and “other smaller preparatory projects.” The full detail of enrollees did not arrive from Oregon Caves until June 22. The camp consisted of 137 men with a spike camp from Lava Beds National Monument supplying an additional 30 enrollees. Of the 137 men, 125 were junior enrollees and 12 were local experienced men.