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Description
Contents
Preface ix
Chapter 1 Discovery 1
Early Visitors 3
Early Geological Research 5
Modern Geological Research 8
Crater Lake National Park 9
Additional Reading 10
Chapter 2 Cones, Craters, and Calderas
11
Lavas 12
Pyroclastics 13
Gases 17
Chemical Composition 17
Cones 18
Craters 23
Calderas 24
Additional Reading 26
Chapter 3 Before Mount Mazama 27
A New Model 28
Oregon Geology 32
Cascade Geology 36
High Cascades 37
Additional Reading 40
Chapter 4 Building Mount Mazama
41
The High Cascades Volcanoes 42
Mount Mazama 45
Glaciation 47
Water and Gravity 51
Inside the Caldera 53
Additional Reading 60
Chapter 5 Final Events at Mount Mazama
61
Final Activities at Mount Mazama 63
Dome Emplacement and Debris Flows 65
Cinder Cones 67
Precursors to Mazama's Magma 68
Additional Reading 75
Chapter 6 Last Days at Mount Mazama
77
Air-Fall and Ash Flows 79
The Final Event 82
The Single-Vent Phase 83
The Ring-Vent Phase 87
Mazama's Magma Chamber 91
Dating the Crater Lake Caldera 96
Additional Reading 97
Chapter 7 Beneath Crater Lake 99
Post Collapse Activity 101
Volcanic Features 104
Depositional Features 109
Hot Areas 112
Other Features 113
Outside the Caldera 114
Additional Reading 115
Chapter 8 Crater Lake 117
Physical Characteristics 119
Biological Characteristics 127
Recent Research 129
Additional Reading 131
Chapter 9 Crater Lake Tomorrow
133
Volcanism 135
Earthquakes 139
Other Geological Events 142
Crater Lake's Fate 143
Direct Evidence of Volcanism 144
Additional Reading 146
Appendix 152
Glossary 153
References 161
Index 164
About the Author 168 |
