Nature Notes From Crater Lake
Unusual Plant Fare
Volume 14, No. 1, September, 1948
Denis Illige, Ranger-Naturalist
A trip afield on a day off from the
normal duties of a ranger-naturalist is often full of surprises. While
on a trip to Copeland Creek with Ranger-Naturalist D. S. Farner and
Ranger Glenn Brady, "to see what we could see", a brief stop was made in
a wet meadow above the headwaters of Copeland Creek. The purpose of this
particular stop being to investigate the frog population, each of us
went a different direction, cautiously moving along, carefully
investigating the marshy areas for frogs. While so occupied, a small
moth was seen entangled in the swamp grass, struggling vigorously. This
being an unnatural place for a moth, closer scrutiny disclosed that it
was trapped by that plant nemesis of inset life, a carnivorous plant,
this one known as Sundew.
Plant life in general is characterized
by a relatively mild attitude toward most animal life, particularly in
respect to capturing and devouring animals. However, there are a few
exceptions, Sundew or
Drosera being one found in Oregon. The moth that led to the
discovery of Sundew in Crater Lake National Park was entangled by the
sticky "fingers" of a Sundew. These "fingers" are small hair-like
projections from the leaf-blade of this plant. From the ends of these
hairs is exuded a clear, neutral, sticky fluid. When a luckless insect
brushes against the sticky hairs, he is indeed fortunate if he is large,
or strong, enough not to be caught. Usually in the struggles of a
hapless insect, he only succeeds in making matters worse for himself by
agitated struggling, more contacts being made at each spasm of movement.
When the insect is solidly within the
grasp of the Sundew, the leaf folds in toward its center, the sticky
fluid becoming more acid, changing to a proteinaceous ferment capable of
digesting the insect tissues. The digested tissues are then absorbed by
the Sundew for some of its nutritional needs.
This is the first authentic record of
Sundew in Crater Lake National Park. It had been reported by F. Lyle
Wynd, but the specimens were note located nor the locality of the
collection recorded.
E. I. Applegate, in all of his
extensive collecting, did not discover it either. The area from which
the present collection was made was from a patch of about 200 square
feet in size, on a boggy side hill with a western exposure. The area is
exposed to brilliant sunlight for most of the day. The elevation was
determined from a map as about 5600 feet above sea level.
The origins of both the common name,
Sundew, and the scientific name,
Drosera rotundifolia, are of interest because of their aptness.
The plant habitually grows in open, well-lighted places, and the clear,
sticky fluid exuded at the end of the leaf hairs sparkles in the bright
sunlight as do drops of dew on other plants. The scientific name
Drosera is of Greek origin, meaning dewy, while
rotundifolia refers to the rounded shape of the leaves.